Bulk and surface properties in the critical phase of the two-dimensional XY model

Monte Carlo simulations of the two-dimensional XY model are performed in a square geometry with various boundary conditions (BC). Using conformal mappings we deduce the exponent ησ(T ) of the order parameter correlation function and its surface analogue η‖(T ) as a function of the temperature in the critical (low-temperature) phase of the model. The temperature dependence of both exponents is obtained numerically with a good accuracy up to the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition temperature. The bulk exponent follows from simulations of correlation functions with periodic boundary conditions or order parameter profiles with open boundary conditions and with symmetry breaking surface fields. At very low temperatures, ησ(T ) is found in pretty good agreement with the linear temperaturedependence of Berezinskii’s spin wave approximation. We also show some evidence that there are no noticeable logarithmic corrections to the behaviour of the order parameter density profile at the Kosterlitz-Thouless (KT) transition temperature, while these corrections exist for the correlation function. At the KT transition the value ησ(TKT) = 1/4 is accurately recovered. The exponent associated to the surface correlations is similarly obtained after a slight modification of the boundary conditions: the correlation function is computed with free BC, and the profile with mixed fixed-free BC. It exhibits a monotonous behaviour with temperature, starting linearly according to the spin wave approximation and increasing up to a value η‖(TKT) ≃ 1/2 at the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition temperature. The thermal exponent ηε(T ) is also computed and we give some evidence that it keeps a constant value in agreement with the marginality condition of the temperature field below the KT transition. PACS numbers: 05.20.-y, 05.40.+j, 64.60.Cn, 64.60.Fr Short title: Properties in the critical phase of the two-dimensional XY model March 20, 2008 † e-mail address: [email protected] ‡ Unité de Mixte de Recherche CNRS No 7556